Since 1155 |
the oldest castle and the settlement comes into the possession of the Hohenstaufens under Palgrave Konrad. |
1196 |
"Heidelberch" is mentioned in a document for the first time. |
1225 |
Duke Ludwig von Bayern obtains the Palatinate, and thus also the castle, which is mentioned in a document. In 1303 two castles are mentioned, of which the one located further up the mountain is destroyed in a gunpowder explosion in 1537. The Palace is then built at the site of the lower castle. |
1359 |
The palgraves are granted far-reaching rights in the "Golden Bull" in addition to the becoming electors. |
1386 |
The oldest university in Germany today is founded in Heidelberg by Elector Ruprecht I. |
1400 |
Elector Ruprecht III becomes king, calling himself Ruprecht I von der Pfalz. |
1508-44 |
Elector Ludwig V renews the defensive structures and domestic building of the Palace. |
1537 |
A lightning bolt destroys the upper castle. |
1556-59 |
Elector Ottheinrich has probably the most beautiful Renaissance palace north of the Alps built. |
1610 |
The famous Palace Gardens (Hortus Palatinus) are laid out and the "Englischer Bau" (English Building) and the "Elisabethentor" (Elisabethan Gate) are erected by Elector Friedrich V. |
1619 |
The Protestant Diet in Bohemia elects Friedrich V King. |
1620 |
He is defeated in the "Schlacht am Weißen Berge" (Battle on White Mountain) by the Emperor and simultaneously loses his title as Elector and King. |
1622 |
The imperial general Tilly conquers the town and palace in Heidelberg. |
1623 |
The imperial forces carry off the famous "Palatinate Library" (Biblioteca Palatina, today at the Vatican) as war-booty. The Palatinate looses three-quarters of its population in the war. |
1649 |
The Peace of Westphalia is concluded; the Palatinate is granted a new electorship. Elector Karl Ludwig has the Palace and University renewed. |
1685 |
The Pfalz-Simmer line dies out with Elector Karl II. King Louis XIV of France raises hereditary claim for his sister-in-law Liselotte von der Pfalz without her consent. The War of Palatinate Succession begins. |
1688/89 |
The French troops take Heidelberg in the course of the War of Palatinate Succession and destroy the Palace, the town and villages and towns in the Rhine valley before retreating. |
1693 |
Louis' troops occupy Heidelberg again, blow up all fortifications and burn the town to the ground. |
From 1697 |
the residents of Heidelberg return to the town and begin with rebuilding. |
1720 |
The residence of the Elector is moved to Mannheim. |
From 1742 |
Elector Karl Theodor begins rebuilding the Palce. |
From 1764 |
a lightning bolt destroys other palace buildings during rebuilding, causing the work to be discontinued. |
1803 |
Heidelberg falls to the Grand Duchy of Baden. Karl Friedrich has the university refounded. |
From 1810 |
the French emigrant Charles Graf von Graimberg begins with the preservation of the palace ruins and the establishment of a historical collection. |
1848 |
A conference in Heidelberg votes to convene a German national assembly in Frankfurt. |
1860 |
The Palace is illuminated with "Bengal lights" for the first time. |
Around 1900 |
Restorations and historicizing interior work are carried out on the palace. |
1945 |
The city is turned over to American military leaders undamaged. The university is reopened. |
Since 1987 |
the Administration of the State-Owned Palaces and Gardens of Baden-Württemberg is responsible for Heidelberg Palace. |